Open Journal Systems

Language use as stancetaking on motivations for romantic relationships among female undergraduates

God'sgift Ogban Uwen, Omotosho Moses Melefa, Mary Emmanuel O’Neill

Article ID: 1851
Vol 9, Issue 3, 2024, Article identifier:

VIEWS - 92 (Abstract) 56 (PDF)

Abstract

This paper explores motivations for love as stancetaking in the discourse on romantic relationships among female undergraduates in two Universities in Southern Nigeria. Insights from Community of Practice and Appraisal Theory were used to instantiate the use of situated linguistic choices to establish the different impulses for female undergraduates’ engagement in heterosexual relationships. Data for the study were generated through (non)participant observation, informal interactions and semi-structured interviews involving a representative sample of 44 female undergraduates. The findings show that the participants utilised youth culture of sexual expressiveness to establish their motivations for love, cognitively construed as stancetaking on romantic relationships with their male sexual partners. Participants’ language use shows that the female students’ motivations for loving their male sexual partners include: high sexual performance, good academic performance, financial benefits, intention to get married in future, access to power and security, and physical attractiveness. This study, aside from establishing the increasing practice of heterosexual relationships among Nigerian university undergraduates, has also presented participants’ motivations for sexual practices as the girls’ peculiar sexual narrations of their worldview. This also shows the creation of situated linguistic choices as outcome of ‘new’ youth expressive culture as demonstrated in the discourse of their sexual relationships and experience within the liberal university environment.


Keywords

language use; stancetaking; romantic relationships; sexual motivations; female undergraduates

Full Text:

PDF



References

1. Burunat E. Love is a physiological motivation (like hunger, thirst, sleep or sex). Medical Hypotheses. 2019, 129: 109225. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.05.011

2. Sternberg RJ. A triangular theory of love. Psychological Review. 1986, 93(2): 119-135. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.93.2.119

3. Gulia E. Eight different types of love explained. Available online: https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/love-sex/relationships/a34896557/types-of-love/ (accessed on 22 February 2023).

4. de Almeida T, Lomônaco JFB. The concept of love: an exploratory study with a sample of young Brazilians. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science. 2020, 7(3): 239-259. doi: 10.22161/ijaers.73.38

5. Bode A, Kushnick G. Proximate and Ultimate Perspectives on Romantic Love. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021, 12. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.573123

6. Smith DJ. These girls today are war-o: Premarital sexuality and modern identity in Southeastern Nigeria. Africa Today. 2000, 47(3-4): 98-120. doi: 10.2979/aft.2000.47.3-4.98

7. Bogle KA. The Shift from Dating to Hooking up in College: What Scholars Have Missed. Sociology Compass. 2007, 1(2): 775-788. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9020.2007.00031.x

8. Wade L. American Hookup: The New Culture of Sex on Campus. W.W Norton & Company; 2017.

9. Helle-Valle J. Understanding sexuality in Africa: Diversity and contextualised individuality. In: Arafred S (editor). Re-Thinking Sexualities in Africa. Nordic African Institute; 2004. pp. 195–210.

10. Cole J, Thomas LM. Love in Africa. 2009. doi: 10.7208/chicago/9780226113555.001.0001

11. Johnson B. What easy sex? Sexplosion on campuses. Available online: http://www.imoonline.org/news-page3.htm (25 March 2022).

12. Onyeoku EO. Sociocultural and Economics Correlate of Prostitution Tendencies Among University Undergraduates in South East, Nigeria [PhD thesis]. University of Nigeria; 2012.

13. Tade O, Adekoya A. Transactional sex and the ‘aristo’ phenomenon in Nigerian universities. Human Affairs. 2012, 22: 239-255.

14. Odu BK, Akanle FF. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and sexual behavior among the youth in Southwestern Nigeria. Humanities and Social sciences Journal. 2008, 3(1): 81-88.

15. Okonkwo AD. Gender and sexual risks-taking among selected Nigerian university students. Sexuality and Culture. 2010, 30(3): 306-317. doi: 10.1007/s12119-010-9074-x

16. Olugbile A, Abu F, Adelakan A. Prostitution Takes on New Garbs on Campuses. The punch newspaper; 2008.

17. Uwen GO. Mbari and uncle Nicodemus: Male representations in the heterosexual discourse among female undergraduates in Nigeria. Sexual and Relationship Therapy. 2023; 1-20. doi: 10.1080/14681994.2023.2258079

18. Butler I. Excitable speech: A politics of the performative. Routledge; 1997.

19. Butler J. Performative acts and gender constitution, an essay on phenomenology and feminist theory. In: Conboy K (editor). Writing on the body: Female embodiment and feminist theory. Columbia University Press; 1997. pp. 409-420.

20. Babatunde EB, Ake M. The relativity of heterosexual norms and gender power on young people’s sexuality in Africa. Journal of African Studies and Development. 2015, 7(2): 52-63.

21. Ashcraft C. Ready or Not …? Teen Sexuality and the Troubling Discourse of Readiness. Anthropology & Education Quarterly. 2006, 37(4): 328-346. doi: 10.1525/aeq.2006.37.4.328

22. Lave J, Wenger E. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge University Press; 1991.

23. Eckert P, McConnell-Ginet S. Think Practically and Look Locally: Language and Gender as Community-Based Practice. Annual Review of Anthropology. 1992, 21(1): 461-488. doi: 10.1146/annurev.an.21.100192.002333

24. Holmes J, Meyerhoff M. The Community of Practice: Theories and methodologies in language and gender research. Language in Society. 1999, 28(2): 173-183. doi: 10.1017/s004740459900202x

25. Wenger E. Communities of Practice: Learning Meaning and Identity. Cambridge University Press; 1998.

26. Bucholtz M. “Why be normal?”: Language and identity practices in a community of nerd girls. Language in Society. 1999, 28(2). doi: 10.1017/s0047404599002043

27. Garrett PB. Language Contact and Contact Languages. A Companion to Linguistic Anthropology. 2005; 46-72. doi: 10.1002/9780470996522.ch3

28. Eckert P. Variation and the indexical field1. Journal of Sociolinguistics. 2008, 12(4): 453-476. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9841.2008.00374.x

29. Eckert P, Wenger É. Communities of practice in sociolinguistics. Journal of Sociolinguistics. 2005, 9(4): 582-589. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-6441.2005.00307.x

30. King BW. Tracing the emergence of a community of practice: Beyond presupposition in sociolinguistic research. Language in Society. 2014, 43(1): 61-81. doi: 10.1017/s0047404513000870

31. Ortony A, Clore GL, Collins A. The Cognitive Structure of Emotions. Cambridge University Press; 1988.

32. Roseman IJ, Smith CA. Appraisal theory: Overview, assumptions, varieties and controversies. In: Scherer KR, Schorr A, Johnstone T (editors). Appraisal Processes in Emotion: Theory, Methods and Research. Oxford University Press; 2001. pp. 3–19.

33. Martin JR, Rose D. Working with Discourse: Meaning Beyond the Clause. London: Equinox; 2003.

34. White PR. Appraisal. In: Zienkowski J, Ostman J, Verschueren J (editors). Discursive Pragmatics. John Benjamins Publishing Company; 2011.

35. Smith CA. Dimensions of appraisal and physiological response in emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1989, 56(3): 339-353. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.56.3.339

36. Moors A. Appraisal theory of emotion. In: Zeigler-Hill V, Shakelford TK (editors). Encyclopedia of Personality, and Individual Differences. Guilford Press; 2017. pp. 1–10.

37. Martin JR, White PRR. The Language of Evaluation. Palgrave Macmillan; 2005.

38. Pascual M, Unger L. Appraisal in the research genres: An analysis of grant proposals by Argentinean researchers. Revista signos. 2010, 43(73). doi: 10.4067/s0718-09342010000200004

39. Roseman IJ. Appraisal in the Emotion System: Coherence in Strategies for Coping. Emotion Review. 2013, 5(2): 141-149. doi: 10.1177/1754073912469591

40. Du Bois JW. The stance triangle. Pragmatics & Beyond New Series. 2007, 139-182. doi: 10.1075/pbns.164.07du

41. Hanks WF. Referential practice: Language and lived space among the Maya. University of Chicago Press; 1990.

42. Goodwin C. Participation, stance and affect in the organization of activities. Discourse & Society. 2007, 18(1): 53-73. doi: 10.1177/0957926507069457

43. Uwen GO, Ekpenyong BA, Onah GA, et al. Emotional women and promiscuous men: Language use as discursive stances of wives on cheating husbands. Environment and Social Psychology. 2023, 8(3). doi: 10.54517/esp.v8i3.1848

44. Sacks H. Notes on police assessment of moral character. In: Sudnow D (editor). Studies in Social Interaction. The Free Press; 1972. pp. 280–293.

45. Mason MF, Cloutier J, Macrae CN. On Construing Others: Category and Stereotype Activation from Facial Cues. Social Cognition. 2006, 24(5): 540-562. doi: 10.1521/soco.2006.24.5.540

46. Stokoe E. Moving forward with membership categorization analysis: Methods for systematic analysis. Discourse Studies. 2012, 14(3): 277-303. doi: 10.1177/1461445612441534

47. Fitzgerald R, Housley W. Advances in Membership Categorisation Analysis. SAGE Publications Ltd.; 2015. doi: 10.4135/9781473917873

48. Tanner D. Opening communicative space: what do co-researchers contribute? Qualitative Research. 2018, 19(3): 292-310. doi: 10.1177/1468794118770076

49. Conaglen HM, Conaglen JV. Drug-induced sexual dysfunction in men and women. Australian Prescriber. 2013, 36(2): 42-45. doi: 10.18773/austprescr.2013.021

50. Hrzenjak M. Marking Her Up, Women’s Magazines in Slovenia. Mirovni Institut: Peace Institute; 2002.

51. Khan SI, Hudson-Rodd N, Saggers S, et al. Phallus, performance and power: Crisis of masculinity. Sexual and Relationship Therapy. 2008, 23(1): 37-49. doi: 10.1080/14681990701790635

52. Khan SI, Hudson-Rodd N, Saggers S, et al. Phallus, performance and power: Crisis of masculinity. Sexual and Relationship Therapy. 2008, 23(1): 37-49. doi: 10.1080/14681990701790635

53. Hunter M. The Materiality of Everyday Sex: Thinking beyond “prostitution.” African Studies. 2002, 61(1): 99-120. doi: 10.1080/00020180220140091

54. Cole J. Fresh contact in Tamatave, Madagascar: Sex, money, and intergenerational transformation. American Ethnologist. 2004, 31(4): 573-588. doi: 10.1525/ae.2004.31.4.573

55. Cole J, Thomas L. Love in Africa. University of Chicago Press; 2009.

56. Uwen GO. Every corona is not a virus. The European Journal of Humour Research. 2023, 11(1): 117-142. doi: 10.7592/ejhr.2023.11.1.678

57. Cornwall A. Spending Power: Love, Money, and the Reconfiguration of Gender Relations in Ado‐Odo, Southwestern Nigeria. American Ethnologist. 2002, 29(4): 963-980. doi: 10.1525/ae.2002.29.4.963

58. Chukwuemeka ES. How to become an indifferent student in school: Six smart tips you need. 2020. Available online: https://-bscholarly.com (12 February 2021).

59. Uwen GO, Ekpenyong BA. “Esprit de Corps”: Ingroup Identity Construction and Contextual Conceptualisations Among the (Para)military Discourse Community. Journal of Language, Identity & Education. 2022, 1-16. doi: 10.1080/15348458.2022.2054419

60. Uwen G, Mensah E. Tomorrow May Not Be Yours: Military Slang and Jargon as Linguistic Performance in Nigeria. Language Matters. 2022, 53(3): 91-111. doi: 10.1080/10228195.2022.2122540

61. McCabe J, Tanner AE, Heiman JR. The impact of gender expectations on meanings of sex and sexuality: Results from a cognitive interview study. Sex Roles.2010, 62(3-4): 352-263. doi: 10.1007/s11199-009-9723-4.

62. Uwen GO, Oko Ushie G. “Happy wives” and “sad husbands.” The European Journal of Humour Research. 2022, 10(1): 147-167. doi: 10.7592/ejhr2022.10.1.612

63. Uwen GO, Eyang AE. Officers and men, and fallen heroes: The discursive construction of regimented masculinity in the Nigerian Army. Forum for Linguistics Studies 2023; 5(3): 1761. doi: 10.59400/fls.v5i3.1761

64. Mediayanose OE. Cultism and education in Nigerian tertiary institutions: Policy implications. Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law. 2016, 10(2): 42-54.

65. Janneh C. I joined cultism because of love for my boyfriend-14-year-old-old girl. Available online: https://dailypodt.ng/2019/06/11/joined-cultism-love-boyfriend-14-year-old-girl/ (24 January 2023).

66. Kearney-Cooke A, Steicken-Asch P. Men, body image, and eating disorders. In: Anderson AE (editor). Males with Eating Disorders. Brunuer/Mazel; 1990. pp. 54–74.

67. Singh D. Female judgment of male attractiveness and desirability for relationships: Role of waist-to-hip ratio and financial status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1995, 69(6): 1089-1101. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.69.6.1089


DOI: https://doi.org/10.54517/esp.v9i3.1851
(92 Abstract Views, 56 PDF Downloads)

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 God’sgift Ogban Uwen, Omotosho Moses Melefa, Mary Emmanuel O’Neill

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/